ABSTRACT
The Pregnancy unit in the outpatient Department of any hospital letters for medical advices and treatments to payment mothers before delivery. Pregnancy Diagnosing is all about material and fetal care, to see that the baby is developing without malformation and giving mothers advice on what to eat, type of exercise needed scanning and pathology rest. This project work tends to design and implement a system (computerized) that offers information on Pregnancy Diagnosing as of when due (Just-in-time) to effect discussion making in specially the case study which is Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha that will pursue and meet the aim of the existing manual Pregnancy Diagnosing system but with high reliability, accuracy, speed and less cost.
Table of Contents
Tittle Page i
Certification ii
Approval Page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of Content vii
CHAPTER ONE 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2
1.3 Aim and Objectives 2
1.4 Significance of the Study 2
1.5 Scope of the Study 3
1.6 Limitation of the Study 3
1.7 Definition of Term 3
CHAPTER TWO 5
LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 The Pregnancy Diagnosing System 5
2.2 The Structure of Pregnancy Diagnosing System 6
2.3 Establishment of Pregnancy Diagnosis System 6
2.4 Objective for Establishing of Pregnancy Diagnosing System 7
2.5 The Benefit of Pregnancy Diagnosing System 8
2.6 Accessing the Usefulness of the Diagnosing System 8
2.7 Management of Information in the Health System 9
CHAPTER THREE 10
METHODOLOGIES AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS 10
3.1 Methodologies 10
3.1.1 Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) 10
3.1.2 Steps in Using SSADM 10
3.1.3 Features of SSADM 10
3.1.4 Object oriented Analysis and Design Methodology (OOADM) 11
3.1.5 features of OODM 11
3.1.6 Expert System 11
3.1.7 Prototyping 12
3.1.8 Four major type of prototype 12
3.1.9 Benefits of prototyping 12
3.1.10 Demerits 13
3.2 System Analysis 13
3.3 Data Collection 14
3.4 Organization and its environment 14
3.4. Diagnosing of Menstruation Period and the Consultancy Process. 15
3.2.3 Inspection of Document 17
3.2.4 Organogram To Explain Power Bases 18
3.5 Modus Operandi of the Present System 19
3.5.1 Input Format 19
3.5.2 Output Analysis 19
3.5.3 Data Flow Diagram of the Present System 20
3.5.4 Data Flow Diagram Overview 21
3.3.5 Information Flow Diagram 23
3.6 Problems of present system 24
3.7 The Proposed System 24
CHAPTER FOUR 25
SYSTEM DESIGN 25
4.1 Objective of the Design 25
4.2 Data Flow Diagram of the New System 25
4.2.1 Expanded DFD to show all the process and data stores 27
4.3 System Specification 27
4.3.1 Database Specification 28
4.4 Program Module Specification 29
4.5 Input and Output Specification 32
4.5.1 Input Specification and Design 32
4.5.1.1 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 32
4.5.5.2 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 32
4.5.5.3 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 33
4.5.5.4 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 34
4.5.5.5 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 34
4.5.5.6 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 34
4.5.5.7 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 35
4.5.5.8 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 36
4.5.5.9 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 36
4.5.5.10 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 37
4.5.5.11 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 37
4.5.5.1.0 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 38
4.5.2 Output Specifications 39
4.5.2.1 Login 39
4.5.2.2 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 39
4.5.2.3 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 40
4.5.2.4 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 40
4.5.2.5 General Hospital Onitsha Anambra State 41
4.5.2.6 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 41
4.5.2.7 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 41
4.5.2.8 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 42
4.5.2.9 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 42
4.5.2.10 Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, Anambra State 43
4.6 Algorithms/Program Flowchart 44
4.7 Data Dictionary 45
4.7.1 Data Dictionary Master File 46
4.8 Choice of Programming Language Platform 45
CHAPTER FIVE 47
SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION AND IMPLEMENTATION 47
5.1 System Documentation 47
5.1.1 System Implementation 47
5.1.1.0 Importance of Documentation 48
5.1.1.1 Reason for Documentation 48
5.1.1.2 The Content of Documentation 49
5.2 Hardware and Software Requirement 49
5.2.1 Hardware Requirement 49
5.3 Software Requirement 50
5.4 Installation Arrangement 51
5.5 Testing Database 51
5.5.1 Unit Testing 51
5.5.2 Test Data 52
5.5.3 Test Result 52
5.4 Training Arrangement 53
5.5 Conversion Arrangement 53
5.5 Commissioning 54
CHAPTER SIX 55
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 55
6.1 Summary 55
6.3 Recommendation 55
REFERENCES 57
APPENDIX I 58
APPENDIX II 61
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
In the recent year, the method of carrying out test has been a tedious work. The growth in technology has brought good news to mankind through the introduction of factor modern life, lending a high technology aspect to many things. Today the computer pervades every aspect of business procedures as well as transforming each operation it touches into a system of some sort. We have the accounting system, payroll system and office system being controlled by computer. Computer is used in the research institutes. Computers are used to process information in data banks which are used to store facts about movies reviews. Criminals’ legal precedents and economic statics engineering data.
According to William C. Shiel Jr (2016) Diagnosis is the nature of a disease; the Identification of an illness
From all indication, it is believed that live in a society that has to be computerized in order not to be left behind in this computer age. Hospitals are one of the most essential areas so it has to be managed in a very efficient way. The modernization of information technology has created easiness in each and every area including medical sector such as menstruation/pregnancy diagnosing system.
In Nigeria, ninety percent of government and privately owned hospital still use file systems to store their day to day activities and information; thereby putting at risk the loss of information should any of the files get missing. With this problem in mind, the Nigeria government passed a law in 2011 requiring all government and privately owned hospitals must be digitalized by the end of 2014 at the latest so as to avoid any information loss and to centralize the health in- formation of all Nigerians. What makes a hospital a special facility? Firstly, it is a 24 hours a day, 7 days a week facility and furthermore, a mistake in a hospital can cost the life of a human being. Pregnancy diagnosing system is all-inclusive, incorporated system that can single-handed manage medical, financial, management, and laws related to a hospital and its service handling. Pregnancy diagnosing system is a complicated task and needs a extensive details support system. It is meant to provide the Administration and Staff, with information in real-time to make their work more interesting and less stressing.
The scope of the service in Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha is basically curative and preventive and is offered in clinic unit x-ray/ ultra sound, laboratory and Optometrist unit in the hospital. Other services include admission (ward) inpatient (where drugs are issued), physiotherapy and family planning. The hospital offers 24 hours services to its staff and the entire population
Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha which was establish over ten years ago has been saddled with such duties of carrying out a properly diagnosing of menstruation period/pregnancy test. The study examines the main issues and problems facing Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha. The manual system of diagnosing pregnancy issues, make use of excessive blood and urine, it is time consuming and delivering message which cannot be properly addressed. The center needs the computerized system which involved the use of electronic device that are capable of handling large amount of record efficiently at a very high speed.
The planning monitoring and evolution of health service are impaired by the death of reliable data on a nation scale. More important, the present state of health information is due to the absence of an organized and purposeful diagnosing system in various hospital and health center.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The manual system of diagnosing menstruation period/pregnancy issues is time consuming and involves hand delivering of message which cannot properly addressed the hospital needs. Hence the need for a more efficient and effective means that are likely to emulate from the introduction of computerized diagnosing system.
1.3 Aim and Objectives
The aim of the study is to design a computerized system that will help in diagnosing Pregnancy symptoms you test which help to determine the disease that affect the rate flow of menstruation period and the solution to solve the problem.
1.4 Significance of the Study
This project work is done for Paragon Hospital and Maternity Onitsha, by the implementation of this software, health care will be best facilities and the necessary information will be stored. Customers will expert full service after the implementation of this software. There will be no doubt that menstruation/pregnancy diagnosing in the hospital will be done more efficient and effective.
1.5 Scope of the Study
This project involves the analysis of the manual system in carrying out pregnancy test/menstruation period test and show difficulties encountered in designing computerized diagnosing system which is usable in term of cost. Improvement of diagnosing system and accurate presentation of result test, and reduce time consuming in checking of pregnancy test.
1.6 Limitation of the Study
In the due process of designing this work, some problems hindered the successful presentation of the work. This includes,
a. Time constraint
b. Inadequate capital
c. Non-availability of research material
1.7 Definition of Term
For easy understanding of this project, there is need to define some terms that are used within the content. Below are those terms and their meanings:
Hospital: This is defined as the entity that provides the medical services to the patient in questioned at a given period of time which is basically curative and preventive and is offered in clinic unit x-ray/ ultra sound, laboratory and dental unit in the hospital.
Patient Record Management System: It is a system that can manage multiple administrators and can have the track of the right assigned to them. It makes sure that all the Administrators function with the system as per the rights assigned to them and they can get their work done in efficient manner.
Medical Form: This is the medical document describing the patient initials, diagnoses and treatment of a particular patient in question that can be used for future reference incase of no improvement in the health condition of the patient hence changes can be carried out accordingly.
Consultations Fee: This is the money paid by the patient in question at the receptionist desk before any medical attention.
Best Practices: This is the most up-to-date patient care interventions, scientifically proven to result in the best patient outcomes and minimize patient risk of death or complications.
Case management: This is a collaborative process that assesses, plans, implements, evaluates, and coordinates options and services to ensure cost-effective case based on the needs of particular clients.
Effectiveness: This is the degree to which care is provided in the correct manner, given the current state of knowledge, to achieve the desired or projected outcome(s) for the patient.
Health outcomes: This is the effect on health status from performance (or non-performance) of one or more processes or activities carried out by healthcare providers. Health outcomes include morbidity and mortality; physical, social, and mental functioning; nutritional status; etc
Health Plan: It is an organization that offers reimbursement for its members’ healthcare services. It can be a health maintenance organization (HMO), a preferred provider organization (PPO), a commercial insurance carrier, or a company that self-insures.
Heart Attack: This is also known as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Occurs when arteries leading to the heart become blocked and stop blood flow to the heart. The affected part of the heart does not get oxygen and other nutrients. Without immediate treatment, the affected area dies or is permanently damaged.
Inpatient: This is a person who has been admitted to a hospital or other health facility for a period of at least 24 hours.
Morbidity: This is the state of being diseased; ratio of persons who are diseased to those who are well in a given community.
Outcome: This is result of a process, including outputs, effects, and impacts
File: A file is collection related records that serves as a unit of storage. The file holds all of the company customer’s records.
Database; Database management system is a program design to store and retrieve data as effective as possible.
Diagnosis; This is the act of identifying the nature of an illness.
X-RAY; It is a type of radiation that can penetrate solid object and make it possible to see into or through them.
Pediatrics; This is the branch of medicine concerned with children and their illness.
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