ABSTRACT
Problem of human resource accounting in Public Sector, a case study of Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS) Enugu from 2010 – 2013, this aims to bivalve the mysteries surroundings Nigeria organization which has in no small measure resulted in inefficient and ineffective running of most organization in the country, but the internal and external constraints. For this particular research work some problems were given solutions. Some methods were used for the gathering analysis and presentation of data. Primary and secondary sources of data were used for this project like human resources personnel interview and questionnaires were all used to licit facts for the work. At the end of this whole exercise our research and findings revealed that some problems really exist in Nigeria organizations which if properly handled well trained and skilled human resource personnel will be produced in the public sector in no distance time.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Approval page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Abstract vi
Table of Contents vi
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
- Background of Study 1
- Statement of the problem 3
- Objectives of the study 4
- Scope of the Study 4
- Research Questions 5
- Research Hypothesis 6
- Significance of the Study 8
- Limitation of the study 9
- Definition of terms 10
CHAPTER TWO
Review of Related Literature
2.1 Definition of Human Resources Accounting 12
2.2 The Origin of Human Resources Accounting 14
2.3 Problems of Human Resources Accounting 17
2.4 Ways of Alleviating these Problems 20
2.5 Prospects of Human Resources Accounting 23
CHAPTER THREE
Research Design and Methodology
3.1 Research Design 24
3.2 Area of the Study 25
3.3 Population of the study 25
3.4 Sample Size Determination 26
3.5 Method of Data Collection 29
3.6 Method of Data Analysis 31
3.7 Validation of the Instrument 32
3.8 Reliability of the Instrument 33
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and Analysis of Data 34
4.1 Presentation and Analysis 34
4.2 Test of Hypothesis 42
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Findings 54
5.2 Suggestion for Further Research 55
5.3 Conclusion 56
5.4 Recommendation 57
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Human resource Accounting is the process of identifying and reporting the investments made in the Human Resources of an organization that are presently not accounted for in the conventional accounting practices (Dressler 1973:125). It is also an extension of accounting principles of matching the costs and revenues and of organization of organization data to communicate relevant information.
Though the idea of Human resources Accounting started many years back, the concept still lacks general acceptability. This is because there are many few evidences of its application worldwide. Many authors and scholars conducted researches on how humans within an organization can be valued and reported in the financial statements of such organization. Valuable suggestions were made but still under criticism. Majority of the people with particular reference to the elite will be wondering why there are problem of human resource management in the public sector of Nigeria organizations.
First of all emphasis will be made on the importance of human resource in every economy. Factually wendell (1984:30) describe human resource as those individual engaged in any organizational activity regardless of level.
The study, therefore, presents a critical assessment of the concept of Human Resources Accounting whereby unveiling its strength and weaknesses. Through an expository approach, the study also presents the likely impact that reporting human resources as assets will have on the quality and quantity of companies corporate financial reports.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
It is pertinent to note that adequate emphasis have not been laid by public sectors in terms of promoting a favourable ground for Human Resource Accounting and this has greatly affected their performances.
Lau and Lau (1978) identifies the major problems in accounting for human resource as:
- Whether and how human resources assets should be recorded n the accounting system, and once they are recorded, how they should be written off.
- How human resource (man power) is articulated towards the attainment of the organizational goal and aspiration is one of the outstanding problems of resource accounting in Nigeria organization which Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS) is among.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of the study are:
- TO ascertain the scope of action of human resource accounting practices in Enugu state Broadcasting Service (ESBS) from 2012- 2013.
- To identify the level in which the inefficiency exists.
- To ascertain the difficulties experienced in the performance of these practices.
- Finally, to identify how and who is responsible for human resources accounting problems .
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The conduct of this research and all the information obtained are the ESBS especially between 2012 – 2013. In this case, the study focuses on office at human resources accounting in the Enugu State Broadcasting Service which tends to look at the organization and its environment, it’s position in the mind of the public sector and the industry at large.
The success or failure of an organization depended on how its resources are patronized and any organization where human resources accounting have been soiled or sin cared would hardly matter in the business world which is dynamic.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The under listed research questions would be necessary to make this research a huge success.
- Do the Enugu State Broadcasting Service attach due importance to the production of human resources accounting?
- Have human resources accounting contributed to the organizational profitability of Enugu State Broadcasting services?
- What are the major problems facing human resource accounting in Enugu State Broadcasting Service.
- Do the ESBS have any department responsible for proffering solutions to the human resource accounting problems in the organization.
- What measure do they take to make sure that human resource problems do not cause the organization to be divided?
- What is the method used in ensuring cordial relationship between human resources accounting personnel and the workers of ESBS?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
After thorough and careful review of works that are directly or indirectly related to the subject matter, the hypothesis for this research work is formulated below:
H0: Customers patronage to ESBS service is not adequate.
H1: Customers patronage to ESBS service is adequate.
H0: The rate of communication among staff of the Enugu State broadcasting service is not satisfactory.
H2: The rate of communication among staff of the Enugu State broadcasting service is satisfactory.
Ho: Most establishments in Nigeria have not accorded adequate criticism to human resource accounting.
H3: Most establishments in Nigeria have accorded adequate criticism to human resource accounting.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Due emphasis have not been laid on how the efficient and effective human resources accounting in public sector should be used to attain considerable economic growth.
This implies efficient controlling of material, money and machinery as well as the management ethics.
This study will enable management of public sector, to know the major issues problems and prospects facing the human resource accounting and the possible ways of solving those problems.
Planning for instance which contains the major personnel program is taken for granted in many Nigerian business enterprises. This has contributed in the small measure to the poor performance in the Nigeria Public sectors.
In some organizations, emphasis is placed more on profit objectives, ignoring modern philosophies in accounting such as the social responsibilities of the firm among others. All these factors which constitute problem of human resources accounting will be treated fully in subsequent chapters.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
During the course of this research work some constraints were encountered. Prominent among the problems are the poor responses of the respondents. The scanty work done on the subject under study affected the volume of information, obtained from the secondary data sources.
The research encountered much financial constraint which limited the scope of this study.
Time for research bias and un-corporative attitude of some staff members among other limited the amount of information at the disposal of the research.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Efficient: This is the ability of doing something well and
thoroughly with no waste of money, time, energy and other resources.
Aspiration: This simply means aim or ambition of somebody which is always backed-up with zeal for its achievement.
Dynamic: This word is synonymous with change; it means not steady in existence.
Accounting: This is the art of recording summarizing, reporting and analyzing financial transaction of an organization or firm.
Public Sector: This is the sector of the economy that is established and operated by the government and its agencies, distinguishing from the private sectors or organized on behalf of the whole citizens.
Broadcasting: The act of disseminating information through the mass media to the general public.
Management: This means the act of running and controlling a business or similar organization as well as other resources there in.
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