ABSTRACT
Restaurant industry has been experiencing technology innovation to uphold its service
quality for decades. Studies have suggested that the technology adoption would lead to
beneficial consequences on operation performance. The current study was conducted to
design and implement computerized restaurant menu system, to analyze the requirement
for the proposed system, to design and develop computerized restaurant menu system and
to test and implement the system. This study also analyze effect of the information provided
by the computerized restaurant menu system, the service of a waiting staff, and technology
innovation on menu displaying device on restaurant customer’s satisfaction. Data were
collected from a full-service restaurant in Bauchi. Sixty-nine customers (N=69) were
invited to make responses to the questionnaire. From the data collected, the analysis
indicated that the information on the menu, services from waiting staff and the innovative
technology in restaurant have positive impact on customer satisfaction.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page………………………………………………………..………………………………..i
Declaration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ii
Certification ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… iii
Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………………………………………………… iv
Dedication ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. v
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. vi
Table of contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. vii
List of tables ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. x
List of figures …………………………………………………………………………………………………. xi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study………………………………………….….………………..1
1.2 Statement of the Problem………………………………………….….…………..…..3
1.3 Objective of the Study…………………………………………….….…………………3
1.4 Research Question …………………………………………………….………………3
1.5 Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………….4
1.6 Assumption and Delimitation…………………………………………………………4
1.7 Scope of the Study……………………………………………….…………….………5
1.8 Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………………………5
1.9 Definition of Term…………………………………………………..………………….5
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………..…7
2.2 Conceptualization……………………………………………………………….……..7
2.3 Review of Related Literature……………………………………………………….…8
2.3.1Technology and restaurant industry. …………………………………………..……..8
2.3.1.1 Innovation on menu displaying device.………………………………..…………9
2.3.2 Customer Satisfaction. ……………………………………………….…….……….11
2.3.3 Information provided on the menu. ……………………………………….………12
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2.3.4 Waiting staff. …………………………………………………………….………..14
2.4 Empirical Review on the Topic…………………..…………………………….……15
2.4.1 Designing digital restaurant menu to enhance user experience. …………..………15
2.4.2 Digital menu application: relevance for cafes in India. ………….………….……15
2.4.3 An examination of an electronic tablet based tablet menu for restaurant
industry…………………………………………………………………………………..16
2.5 Summary of Research Gaps……………………………………………….…………17
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Introduction…………………………………………..………………………………18
3.2 Research Design……………………………………..……………………….………18
3.3 Population of the Study…………………………….……………………..………….18
3.4 Sampling Technique and Sample Size……………….……………………..……..…18
3.4.1 Sampling technique. ……………………………….……………………………….18
3.4.2 Sample Size……………………………………………………….…………..……19
3.5 Data Collection Technique……………………………………….……..……….…..19
3.5.1 Questionnaire. ………………………………………………….……….…………19
3.6 Instrument Design……………………………………………….……………………19
3.7 Data Presentation……………………………………………….……………………20
3.8 Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………..24
3.9 Feasibility Analysis………………………………………………………………….26
3.9.1 Technical feasibility. ………………………………………………………….……26
3.9.2 Economics feasibility. …………………………………………….……..………..26
3.9.3 Operational feasibility. ……………………………………….…….……………..27
3.9.4 Legal feasibility. …………………………………………….………..……………28
3.10 Choice of Methodology………………………………………….…………………28
3.10.1 Water fall model. …………………………………………………………………28
3.11 Framework Design……………………………………………….…………………29
3.11.1 Component design. ………………………………………….……………………29
3.11.2 Interaction design. ………………………………….…………………………….31
3.11.3 Database design. …………………………………………………………………..31
3.11.4 Interface design. …………………………………………………………………33
CHAPTER FOUR
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SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Choice Implementation Platform……………………………………………………37
4.2 Technologies…………………………………………………………………………37
4.2.1 Java. ………………………………………………………………………………..37
4.2.2 Java database connectivity (JDBC). ……………………………………….………..37
4.2.3 MYSQL database management system. …………………………………….……38
4.2.3 Java TCP/IP sockets. ………………………………………………………………38
4.3 Choice of Experiment Approach……………………………………………………..38
4.4 Sample output…………………………………………………………………………39
5.1 Summary………………………………………………………..…………….………43
5.2 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………43
5.3 Recommendations……………………………………………………………………43
5.4 Implications of the Study………………………………………………….…………44
5.4.1 Academia. …………………………………………………………………………44
5.4.2 Industry. ……………………………………………………………………………45
References…………………………………………………….…………………………46
Appendices………………………………………………………………………………48
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Administration and return of questionnaire…………………………….…….20
Table 3.2: Frequency distributions of respondents according to gender……….…..…….20
Table 3.3: Frequency distributions of respondents according to age group………..……21
Table 3.4: Frequency distributions of respondents according to educational level…..….21
Table 3.5: Customers view on computerized restaurant menu………………………….22
Table 3.6: Effect of the information provided by the menu, the waiting staff and the
innovative technology on customer satisfaction…………………………………………23
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Client side System flow chart……………………………….……………….24
Figure 3.2: Server side System flow chart……………………………………………….25
Figure 3.3: Waterfall model diagram…………………………….…….……….……….29
Figure 3.4: Component diagram …………………………………………………………30
Figure 3.5: Sequence diagram…………………………………………………………….31
Figure 3.6: entity relationship diagram…………………….………………….………….32
Figure 3.7: Login interface diagram………………….……………………………………33
Figure 3.8: Order receiving interface diagram……….…………………………….….…34
Figure 3.9: Food updating interface diagram………….…………………………………34
Figure 3.10: Add user interface diagram……………….…………………………………35
Figure 3.11: Order sending interface diagram…….…………………………….…….…35
Figure 3.12: Menu interface diagram…………….…………………….……….……….36
Figure 4.1: Login page………………………….……………….………………….……39
Figure 4.2: Adding of new users………………….……………..……………….……….39
Figure 4.3: Result of system audit trail…………….…………..………………………….40
Figure 4.4: Updating of food.….………………….………………………………………40
Figure 4.5: Receiving of order………….………….…………………………………..…41
Figure4.6: Menu ………………………………………………………………………….41
Figure 4.7: Sending of order..….……….……………………………..…………………42
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Menu plays an integral role in the restaurant industries as it serves as a communication
tool between the kitchen and the customer. It presents the available foods and drinks within
the restaurant and their respective prices to the customers.
Though menu is found in most of the restaurant worldwide but the mode, type and method
differs from restaurant to restaurant base on location, type of the targeted customers and
the standard of the restaurant. These include the human menu; which makes use of verbal
communication between the customer and the waiter in which the waiter verbally tells the
customer the available food and the customer make his choice verbally also without any
documentation. The paper menu; this type of menu, uses the pen, the paper printed with
the available food and the customer make use of the pen to make his or her choice. Lastly
the digital/electronic menu; this is the most accurate and efficient type which deploys
information and communication technology facilities to perform its functions.
Businesses in hospitality industry based on food services have grown significantly
worldwide. In the last few years where many restaurants have opted to offering various
types of menus for the customer, this has increased the competition in the hospitality
industry. The restaurants have to provide the best services and maintain relationships with
their customer in order to survive in this competition.
One way that restaurateurs have chosen to address this issue is through the introduction of
technology in the industry. The use of technology has become very diverse within the
industry and ranges from minimal to extensive use and has assisted in altering the way
restaurateurs conduct business (Huber, Hancer & George, 2010).
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With the upsurge in Information and Communication Technology, many industries use
telecommunication network as a medium of exchanging information. To overcome the
problems faced by the restaurants, an application could be designed and implemented in a
medium or large scale restaurant. The application is installed on each of the devices on the
restaurant table. The customer can select the food from the menu application installed on
the device provided on the table and then the order from the customer can be sent via the
network to the kitchen.
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1.2 Statement of the Problem
Though menu plays a vital role in the restaurant industry as it is seen as the key
disseminator of information and provides users with detailed descriptions that serve as a
guide in the ordering process. In Nigeria, especially in Bauchi of Bauchi state to be
specific, almost all the restaurant within the city, still make use of the paper base menu
which is error prone and slow in performance which has serious effect on customer
satisfaction. Within this locality, little is known about the customer and restaurant manager
views on computerized restaurant menu, and the effect of its information, the service of
waiting staffs and the new technology on customer satisfaction.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The general objective of this study is to design and implement a computerized Restaurant
menu and the specific objectives are:
1. To analyze the requirement of the proposed system.
2. To design and develop computerized restaurant menu system.
3. To test and implement the computerized restaurant menu system.
1.4 Research question
To fill the knowledge gap on this topic (design and implementation of computerized
restaurant menu system), this study seeks to investigate the following questions.
Q1. What are the views of the customers on computerized restaurant menu system?
Q2. What is the view of the restaurant management on computerized menu system?
Q3. Does the information on the menu, the waiting staff and the innovative technology on
menu displaying devices affect customer satisfaction?
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1.5 Significance of the Study
At the end of this study, computerized restaurant menu system will be design and
implemented, the stance of the customer on the new system, will be determined and the
effect of information on the menu, the waiting staff and the innovative menu technology
on displaying devices, on customer satisfaction will be established and it conclusion shall
be beneficial to the restaurateur and the scholars in the field of hotel and restaurant
management.
1.6 Assumption and Delimitation
In carrying out this research, the following assumptions were made: That the technology
innovation in the menu system will have positive impact in the restaurant in terms of the
job efficiency, the Information available on the innovated menu has a positive effect on
customer satisfaction., the Service provided with by the computerized menu, will give the
restaurant customers sense of participation in the food ordering procedure.
The delimitations of this study are: the menu designed does not include functionalities that
allow the customers to create an account and this is due to the fact that the menu was
meant to be used only from the table within the restaurants. The menu server application
is hosted on the local server and this is due to lack of finance needed to host the application
online.
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1.7 Scope of the Study
This study focuses on the restaurants within the Bauchi of Bauchi state Nigeria. It focuses
on what the computerized menu system does, the view of the restaurant customers about
the menu, the effect of the information provided by the menu, the technology innovation
on menu displaying devices and the services of the waiting staffs on customer satisfaction.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
Due to time and financial constraints, the program is not without some limitations which
include: The client application is not flexible enough in the sense that its content cannot
be automatically updated from the server.
The server applications still rely on human waiter to relay reply to the customer because
the server cannot send reply to a specific client over the network.
The menu system is never partition into section to indicate various meals suitable for a
particular time of the day.
Both the network connectivity and database system depend on local hosting.
1.9 Definition of Term
Automation: is the creation and application of technology to perform, monitor and control
activities originally meant to be carryout by human.
Client Application: this is a program design to perform a particular function by sending
the request to another program known as the server to execute, request and then retrieve
the output from the server before relaying it to the user
Client – Server Application: Describes an application architecture in which the client
requests an action or service from the provider of the service, the server.
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Computerized menu system: This is a computer program specially written in such a way
that it can display food and drinks option available in a restaurant and convey the customer
choice of food to the kitchen.
Restaurant: Is a business establishment, with the main aim of preparing food and drinks
for customer in an exchange for money.
Restaurateur: Describe anyone who owns a restaurant
Server Application: Is an application that waits for request from other applications and
respond to them, thus providing a “service” upon their request.
Waiter: Is a man whose job is to serve customer in a restaurant.
Waitress: Is a woman whose job is to serve customers at their tables in a restaurant.
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