ABSTRACT
The title of this study is to examine the relationship between employee’s participation in decision making on organizational performance. The specific objective of study is to include, to identifying the extent employees participate in the study organization. To examine the impact of employees participational performance and to highlight some of the factor affecting workers participation in the decision making. Research questions are acquired and hypothesis formulated to help derive the study. The two major sources of data were used but the questionnaire is the most extensively used instrument. The study was essentially survey design. The data collected were analyzed using tables and percentages. The finding arrived at include, the relationship between employee’s participation in decision making leads to a sense of belonging and create co-operation and unity in the organizational productivity. Employee’s participation in decision making positively affect their moral and enhances productive efficiency in the organization. The level of education guarantees workers participation in decision making process. Based on these findings, the following recommendations were made the level of education gives rooms to workers participation and also create co-operation, unity and increase their moral and efficiency in job performance. The organization should or creates a more conductive environment where their employees can participate in some delicated decision to be made like conference, seminars and workshops.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Participation of employee describes the involvement of employee in decision making which is concerned with share decision making in the work situation (Mitchell, 1973) (Lockie and Schiveiger, 1979) defines workers participation as a joint decision making between management and subordinates. According to (Noah, 2008). It is a special form of delegation in which the subordinate gain greater control, freedom of choice with respect to bridging the communication gap between the management and workers. It refers to the degree of employee involvement in organisation’s strategic planning activities.
There are too many evidence that shows organisation’s performance increase with the increases in workers participation (Arthur 1994, Draft and Lewin, 1993; Dennison and Mishra; 1995; productivity is the performance. Measure encompassing both efficiency and effectiveness, high performing and effective organization possess, like goal setting, problem solving activities which result in higher performance. (Herriegel, Sloum and Woodman 1998). Encourage more modern participative style of management raise employee productivity and satisfaction even with compensation rates (Madison, Wisconsin, 2000). Job satisfaction increases performance through high quality motivation and through increasing working capabilities at the time of implementation (Miller and Mang, 1986).
These were the evidences that participative working environment has more substantial effects on worker’s performance.
Every organization seeks to improve and increases it’s performance level by providing learning opportunities to its workers (Weissetal, 1998). Organization must perform at individual level to improve their performance of whole organizational. All subdivision of the organization must perform well to achieve overall performance level (Ward, 2007). Organization in all over the world have designed different processes to improve performances level from functional to employees and till organization level to perk up overall organizational performance of its employees and function by setting goals and achieving them (Good et al 2004).
According to Dess and Robinson (1984); organizational performance can be enhanced by improving employee participation that sector. Wheelen and hunger (1998) says that level of performance is based on objectives and goals set by an organization for every company working in market the main goal is to earn profit and reduce the expenses by improving employee participation (Soreson, 2002).
According to Lee, Et al (2004). The level of progress and participation is different in every company. Many organization delegate authority and power to their employees and due to that authority organization performances also increases.
An organization which give authority to their employee to take decision also enhances their own skills organization which perform well also involve organizational decisions. Rashid et al (2003) says that organization also require more profit on their input and financial benefit on all expenses occurred.
According to H et al (2006) organizations require different analysis to measure their profitability can be increased when performance level of organization also increases.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There has been lost of controversy as to whether workers should participate in managerial decision making or not. Some writers argued that workers should contribute in making decision more especially where it effects them or their jobs. It is expected that such participation will serve as training and testing ground for future members of upper management.
In Nigeria experts that refuted the above assertion see the arrangement as a symptom of mal-organization. They maintained that, qualified, reasonably honest and institution oriented individuals are not available at these lower organizational levels.
But, the big question is, qualified individuals are they really available? All these underly the need for an investigation study.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The general purpose of this empirical study is to assess the workers participation in managerial decision making in Nigeria tertiary institution with reference to FPO.
The specific purpose are:
- To assesses the impact of workers participation in management decision making
- To ascertain the impact of workers participation or non-participation in management decision on performance of the organization.
- To make recommendations based on the research findings.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In a view to accomplishing this research work effectively the research poses the followings:
- Does management staff make decision without pre and post discussion and consultation with workers?
- Do management change decision when rejected by workers?
- To what extent do workers participate in decision making?
- How often do workers meet to discuss with management?
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work focuses particularly on the impact of employee participation in decision making and organizational productivity using FPO as a case study.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work will be relevant to the managers and employees of FPO. It will also be beneficial to other Nigeria tertiary institution , it will also be of prodigious importance to government, academicals potential and future researchers on the issue of workers participation in managerial decision making.
This empirical study is also Germaine to the researchers since it is a partial requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma in Public Administration.
1.8LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
A work of this nature is not easy to consummate or accomplish. And, as a result, financial problem, time constraints, apathy on the part of the respondents and bureaucratic procedures involved in releasing data seriously affected the study.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
- Decision making: The selection from among alternative of a course of action.
- Management: Management is made up of top and middle level management. Top management includes: shareholders, board of directors, managing director, or the chief executive/general manager (ie management above departmental level) middle management includes heads of department, managers, deputy and assistant managers.
- Performance: The accomplishment of a given task measured against preset known standards of accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed. In a contract, performance is deemed to be the fulfillment of an obligation, in a manner that releases the performer from all liabilities under the contract.
Public Service: It is an organized body or agency responsible for carrying out the day to day activities of the government. For the purpose of this study, public service is a government agency billed with the responsibility of carrying out government assignment for the benefit of the society.
1.10 Organization of the Study
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows. Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (background of the study), statement of the problem, purpose of the study, research questions, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope of the study etc. Chapter two being the review of the related literature presents the theoretical framework, conceptual framework and other areas concerning the subject matter. Chapter three is a research methodology covers deals on the research design and methods adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study
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