ABSTRACT
The flow nozzle was constructed based on the dimensions and specifications of the international standard organization (I.S.O) recommendation.
Throat diameter 42.5mm
Length converging nozzle 68mm
Thickness of nozzle 2mm
Diameter of major axis of ellipse 85mm
Diameter of minor axis of ellipse 56.6mm
Diameter of duct pipe 85mm
The absence of this device (Nozzle) has imposed a very big problems to early scientist. This had existed due to the difficulties in measuring fluid flow in channel.
These scientist latter came out with different kinds of nozzle which facilitates measurement. They were convergent, divergent and divergent-convergent nozzle.
Other metering devices include venturi meter orifice meter, weir etc. each of them has different structures and mode of operation.
The constructed electric is attached to an upstream pipe to give a substantial steady flow to the down stream pipe. Fouling and head loss should be minimized likewise eddies formation. Lastly, the same diameter of tube should be used to replace themanometric tube when it got broken. Likewise the fluid should be maintained.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE ii
APPROVAL PAGE iii
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL iv
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
ABSTRACT vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ix
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT xi
CHAPTER TWO
- HISTORICAL REVIEW OF FLOW 4
2.1 THEORY OF FLOW METER 5
- VENTURING METER 5
- ORIFICE METER 8
- FLOW NOZZLE 10
- TYPES OF FLOW NOZZLE 11
- CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOW NOZZLE 13
- ADVANTAGES OF FLOW NOZZLE 15
- DISADVANTAGES OF FLOW NOZZLE 15
CHAPTER THREE
- MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION 16
3.1 CONSTRUCTION 17
CHAPTER FOUR
- DISCUSSION 21
4.1 RECOMMENDATION 22
- CONCLUSION 23
- REFERENCE 25
- NOMENCLATURE
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this project is to construct a flow nozzle capable of conveying fluid (liquid) from one point to the other. The parameter used depict the pressure change, the velocity and quantity of flow is also inclusive. The nozzle should be able to create a pressure drop in moving fluid and give the quanity of fluid that flow through for a given period of time. The nozzle should be capable of satisfying industrial requirement when placed in process plant for fluid supply.
The flow nozzle fabricated was based on the following prescriptions.
Throat diameter 42.5mm 42.5mm
Length of converging nozzle 68mm
The thickness of the nozzle 2mm
Diameter of ellipse major axis 85mm
Diameter of ellipse minor axis 56.6mm
Diameter of the duct (pipe0 85mm
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
The study of fluid behaviour is very important in process engineering. It constitutes the study of unit operation. The branch of engineering that deals with the study of fluid is called fluid machines. An understanding of fluids through pipe, pumps and all kind of process equipment and also for the study of heat flow and pressure change. The branches of fluid machines include fluid static and fluid dynamics fluid static treats fluids in the equilibrium state of no shear streets while fluid dynamics deals with position of fluid in motion relative to other part.
A fluid is a substance that foes not permanently resist distortion. An attempt to change the shape of a mass of fluid result inlayers of fluid scliding over one another until a new shape, shear stress exist, the magnitude of it depend on the viscosity of the fluid and rate of sliding but when final shape is reached, all shear stress will have disappeared.
The term flow means volume per unit time at specified temperature and pressure conditions.
It can be measured using positive displacement meter or rate meter. The term fluid is a generalized name given to liquid and gases. Fluid flow or is transported from one place to another by different means either by container gallon, cylinder, tank the related means to the topic at and now is transportation by pipe.
Pile consist of nozzles and ducts through which liquid flow. A nozzle is a mechanism which kinetic energy of fluid is converted and increased in an adiabatic process.
T his process accompanies decrease in pressure and change in flow area of the fluid.
The variation in shape and diameter of different part of nozzle effect the flow of fluid nozzle comes in different types, we have divergent nozzles, convergent nozzles and divergent-convergent nozzles.
The rate of flow of fluid in pipe is measured by devices which facilitates the ascertainment of the volume of fluid flowing in a unit time. These devices are collective called flow meter or rate meters.
Flow meters are of different types such as venturi-meter, flow nozzle, orifice meter, rofa meter and weirs these devices are used as choice. All the devices mentioned above facilitates movement of fluid on specified direction, speed and size.
DISCLAIMER: All project works, files and documents posted on this website, eProjectTopics.com are the property/copyright of their respective owners. They are for research reference/guidance purposes only and some of the works may be crowd-sourced. Please don’t submit someone’s work as your own to avoid plagiarism and its consequences. Use it as a reference/citation/guidance purpose only and not copy the work word for word (verbatim). The paper should be used as a guide or framework for your own paper. The contents of this paper should be able to help you in generating new ideas and thoughts for your own study. eProjectTopics.com is a repository of research works where works are uploaded for research guidance. Our aim of providing this work is to help you eradicate the stress of going from one school library to another in search of research materials. This is a legal service because all tertiary institutions permit their students to read previous works, projects, books, articles, journals or papers while developing their own works. This is where the need for literature review comes in. “What a good artist understands is that nothing comes from nowhere. The paid subscription on eProjectTopics.com is a means by which the website is maintained to support Open Education. If you see your work posted here by any means, and you want it to be removed/credited, please contact us with the web address link to the work. We will reply to and honour every request. Please notice it may take up to 24 – 48 hours to process your request.
