Abstract
Computers and telecommunication system have become very important as delivery systems
and productivity tools of electronic data and information. Nigerian banks have now
realized that banking today requires prompt delivery of services, efficiency and the
ability of customers to be served in any of their branches any part of the country,
without any encumbrance. As a result of this, banks embarked on the use of Integrated
banking application that can help them to provide efficient, comprehensive and nationwide services to their customers, through the use of WANs(wide area network). The focus
of this study is on “The impact of information and communication technology on
banking sector, A case study was on Access Bank Garden Avenue Enugu. 34 staff was
used for the study and Questionnaire drawn distinctly to suit the purpose of this study
were administered to various respondents in a 2 point scale of AGREED or
DISAGREED. The chi-square statistical tool was used in testing the hypothesis by testing
the “Goodness or Fitness” of the frequencies. Some of the major findings were:
information and communication technology is widely accepted by the banking sector, The
contribution of information and communication technology has brought about a new
revolution in the economy and helps to reduce operational cost in the areas such as
personal management, administration, maintenance and information and communication
technology which has enhanced efficiency in banking sector, through the use of ATM,
smart cards reduction in the cost of doing business in banks and following
recommendation with the intent that if adopted, would have positive effects on the
banking sector.The banks should improve more on its information technology so as to
enhance its productivity, the use of (ICT) in the banking sector should not only be
restricted to the cities alone, rural banking should also be improved upon from time to
time. There should be enlightenment given to the general public through the various
media on how to use some of the (ICT) equipment like the smart cards, ATM, etc and
its importance should also be made known to the public.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover page
Title page i
Approval page ii
Certification iii
Dedication – iv
Acknowledgements v
Abstract vi
CHAPTER ONE:
1:0 INTRODUTION 1
1:1 Background to the Study 1
1:2 Statement of the Problem 3
1:3 Objectives of the study – 3
1:4 Research Questions 4
1:5 Research Hypotheses 4
1:6 Scope of the Study 5
1:7Significance of the study 5
1:8 Limitation of the study 6
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CHAPTER TWO :
2:0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 7
2:1Theoretical Review 7
2:1:1 Development of Banks in Nigeria 7
2:1:2 Evolution on ICT on Banking Sector 10
2:1:3 Historical Background of ICT on Banking Sector. 14
2:1:4 Impact of ICT on Banking Sector 15
2:1:5 Contribution of ICT on Banking Sector 22
2:1:6The Role of ICT on Banking Sector 28
2:1:7 Problems of ICT on Banking Sector 32
2:1:8 Challenges of ICT on Banking Sector 36
2:2 Empirical Review 38
CHAPTER THREE:
3:0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 40
3:1 Research Design 40
3:2 Nature and source of data 40
3:3 Population of study 42
3:4 Determination of sample size 42
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3:5 Method of data Analysis 43
CHAPTER FOUR
4:0 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 45
4:1 Presentation of Data 47
4:2 Analysis of data 55
CHAPTER FIVE :
5:0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 61
5:1 Summary of Findings 61
5:2 Conclusions 62
5:3 Recommendations 63
Bibliography 64
Appendix 68
Questionnaire- 69
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CHAPTER ONE
1 :0INTRODUCTION
1:1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Today‟s business environment is very dynamic and undergoes rapid change as a result of
technological innovation,increased awareness and demands from customers. Business
organization, especially the banking industry of 21st century operates in a complex
environment characterized by these changing condition and highly unpredicted economic
climate.Information and communication technology(ICT) is at the centre of this global
change. They point out that entire cash flow of most fortunate 500 companies is linked
to information. The adoption of ICT is defined as a collective term for a wide range of software,
hardware, telecommunications and information management techniques, applications and
devices, that are used to create, produce, analyze, process, package, distribute, receive, retrieve,
store, and transform information (Brady et al.,2002).
In essence the importance of information and communication technology banking is
itemized through information technology industry. Effectiveservice delivery in information
banking brings about reduced frustration and Improve level of awareness in an
organization (Ato,2004). Information technology has continued to change the way banks
and their corporate Relationship are organized. worldwide and the variety of innovation
device available to enhance the speed and quality of service delivery.
Ezeamama,(2010): reported that information and communication technology refers to the
various technologies that enhance the creation, storage, processing, communication and
dissemination of information. It involves the different infrastructure used in these
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processes, their application and numerous service, these infrastructure renders. In 1978
annual report, the Bank reported that the department made steady progress on its effort to
effectively use of information and communication technology (ICT) to improve the
efficiency and the quality of service delivery on financial sector. Information and
communication technology is radically changing all over the world. The volume and
speed of handling transactions has improved tremendously as a result of the growth of
information technology which has created a lot of business opportunities. Application of
information and communication technology is capable of enhancing optimal performance
in service delivery if appropriately carried out. Optimal utilization of facilities might be
achieved if the design is done based on clear understanding of how the service is to be
measured. Such measurement include customer‟s service rate, traffic intensity and the
average number of customers in the queue. All these assist to make decisions on the
level at which information and communication technology can be applied for an optimal
performance in Banking operation. What prompted this work was the various
computerization activities going on in the banking sector which has been accredited to
the use of information and communication technology(ICT) in running of activities in
the banks. The study has also been considered worthy among numerous research work due
to the contribution to the banking system and economy at large. The study is to look at
the effect which ICT has on banking sector and also the threats it has created since the
use of ICT which has been an increase. Also to find it out the information and
communication technology has really improved the productivity of the banking sector
compared to when it was not being used. As such the information technology banking
makes use of modern satellite communication facilities and different modes of
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transportation technology Banking is thus high capital – based organisation which has
network being spread by using modern sophisticated equipment: (Akunyili, 2004,)
1:2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
This Research work is a study of the impact of information and communication
technology(ICT) on the banking sector. Many problems confronting the banks in Nigeria
is in their use of information and communication technology(ICT). The problem
associated with the study is to determine the true position of the banking system and
what it should achieve if it will align with the global Information. This however
becomes a huge task as the study tries to,
1. Identify the degree acceptance of information and communication technology in
banking sector.
2. Examine the contribution of information and communication technology to the
growth of the banking sector.
3. Know if information and communication technology is enhancing efficiency in
banking sector and the effects it will have on banks that have not fully adopted
it in their banking system.
1:3 0BJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Themain objectives of this study include the following;
1. To identify the degree acceptance of information and communication technology in
the banking sector.
4
2. To examine the contribution of Information and communication technology to the
growth of the banking sector.
3. To know if Information and communication technology is enhancing efficiency in
the banking sector.
1:4RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. Does the management of banks accept the degree of Information and communication
technology onbanking sector?
2. To what extent has Information and communication technology contributed to the
growth on Banking sector?
3. To what extent has Information and communication technology enhance efficiency
on Banking sector?
1:5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis will be developed and empirically tested, the result will be
formed on the basis for recommendation and conclusion.
1. HO;(NULL HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology is not
accepted by management in the Banks.
HI;(ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology is
accepted by management in the Banks.
2. HO;(NULL HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology has not
contributed to social infrastructural development.
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HI;(ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology has
contributed to social infrastructural development.
3. HO;(NULL HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology has not led
toimprovement of Information in the Bank which has improved their efficiency.
HI;(ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS) Information and communication technology led to
improvement of Information in the Bank which has improved their efficiency.
1:6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study covers the Impact of information and communication technology on banking
sector. All banks could have been covered but for time and cost constraints. So the
researcher decided to pick ACCESS BANK PLC AT GARDEN AVENUE ENUGU.
1:7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of the study cannot be over emphasize., The study enables the banking
sector see the need for information and communication in the day to day running of its
activities and contribution, Information and communication technology has on the
efficiencies of its service to their customer‟s the study also provides an insight into the
various ways in which Information and communication technology functions in bank as to
increase its productivity. The study will also reveal the need for improvement in the use
of various Information and communication technology so as to satisfy the demanding,
desires of their customers and compete with their counter parts in the banking industry.
This will also be beneficial to students that will carry out further research work and also
to Government for policy making implementation.
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1:8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
There are some of limitations of this study, despite the fact that Research would be
succeful. In any Research work, it may be impossible to take good care all problem
involved, the only thing a Researcher can do is to consider those factors that are
essential to Research. The actual limitation of the study is financial constraints as well
as time constraints due to other academic pressure
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