TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page … … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. .. i
Declaration… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. .. ii
Certification Page… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. iii
Dedication… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. .. iv
Acknowledgements… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … v
Table of Content … … .. .. … .. .. … .. … vi
List of Table … … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. vii
Abstract … … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. .. viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 1
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem… … .. .. … .. .. 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 4
1.4 Research Questions…… .. .. … .. .. … .. … 5
1:5 Scope of Study… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … 5
1:6 Significance of the Study… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 5
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms… … .. .. … .. .. … 6
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
2:1 Source of Literature… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 7
2:2 Review of Literature… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 7
2:2:1 The Concept of Advertising… … .. .. … .. .. … 8
2:2:2 Advertising in Nigeria… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 13
2:3 The Concept of Milo Beverage History… … .. .. … .. .. 24
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2:4 Theoretical Frame Work… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 24
2:5 Summary of Literature Review… … .. .. … .. .. … 25
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … 27
3.2 Population of the Study… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 28
3.3 Sample Technique/ Sample Size… … .. .. … .. .. … 28
3:4 Instrument of Data Collection… … .. .. … .. .. … 29
3.5 Validity of Data Gathering Instrument… … .. .. … .. .. 29
3.6 Method of Data Collection… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 29
3.7 Method of Data Analysis… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 29
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis… … .. .. … .. .. … 30
4.2 Discussion of Finding… … .. .. … .. .. … .. 36
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5. 1 Summary … … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. 39
5:2 Conclusions…… .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. 39
5:3 Recommendations… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … 40
5.4 Suggestion for Further Studies… … .. .. … .. .. … 40
References… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. 41
Appendix I… … .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. 42
Appendix II…… .. .. … .. .. … .. … .. 43
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4:2:l What is your sex?
4:2:2: What age bracket do you belong?
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4:2:3: What is you occupation?
4:2:4: What is your Educational qualification?
4:2:5: What is your marital status?
4:2:6: Do you own or have access to TV set?
4:2:7: Are you as an individual aware of this product advert broadcast on Abia state
Television?
4:2:8: Do you view product advert on Abia state television?
4:2:9: Do you believe in product advertisement broadcast on Abia State Television?
4:2:10: Hoe often do you view product advert on Abia state television?
4:2:11: Has product advertisement on Abia state television affected you positively?
4:2:12: Has product advertisement on Abia state television been able to change your
attitude towards the purchase of product?
4:2:13: Do you agree that television is the best medium to advertise product?
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ABSTRACT
The aim of embarking on this study was to provide a well detailed account on the Influence
of Advertisement on Consumer Behavior using Isiama Afara Community as the case study.
The Researcher used survey Research Design in the collection of the data. Because it is easier
to sought peoples’ opinion using Questionnaire. Stratified Sampling Method are used to get
the sample size for this study is 200 .Data gathered from the study were analyzed, tested and
interpreted using sample percentage frequency table. The researcher was able to find out that
majority of the respondents own television set and view the Milo product advert. The theory
that led support to this work is cultivation theory. The researcher therefore recommends that
adverting should be real and interesting so as to call and retain prospective buyers for the
advertised product. And also the manufacturers of Milo beverages should try as much as
possible to make their advert consistent in order to increase awareness an more patronage for
consumers.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
All over the world people and companies utilize advertising to good advantages in the
keen competition encounter in word regional and local markets, business men are aided by
the sales producing force of advertising.
Not only that skillfully planned and directed advertising not only at home but also abroad
over come prejudice combat, foreign competition, establish new habit, build good will
creates employment increase productivity multiply sales and thus, lay a solid foundation for
sustained economic development of any country, one analysis contend that advertising is
one of the most powerful socializing force in culture. Advertising sells more than product. It
sets image, value, goods and concepts of who we are and who we should be. It shapes our
attitudes and our attitudes shapes our behaviour. Ahunaya (2004 70).
Advertising power goes beyond the selling of goods, it promotes a consumer life style
a global culture that centers on material things. A television commercial normally say’s and
now a few words from our sponsors’ are companies or individual that pay to have their
product advertised, while the ‘few words our sponsor’ sponsors are companies or individual
that take pay to have there product to be advertised, while the “few words our sponsor” have
become a deluge sponsor still financially support the newspaper and radio. Encyclopedia
(195).
According to the Encyclopedia, American (204) Advertising began around 3200 Bc
when the Egyptian stenciled inserption the names of kings on temple being built. Later they
wrote run way slave enouncement on Papyrus- sign boards were placed outside doors in
Greece and Egypt around 1500 B. c perhaps the most important Event in history of
advertising was the printing of the Gutenberg Bible about 1450 to 1455. The first time that
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western man used the principle of moveable type in about 1477 in London, the first printed
advertisement in English announced a prayer book sale the first newspaper advertisement
appeared on the back paper of in London newspaper in 1625. The easily town crier was also
a medium of advertising”.
Advertising has since than been seen to help in economic development in ways of
creating jobs sponsoring sports, and the art helps to provide affordable media which
encourages competition improves product keep price low and enable people to make
informed buying choices Eluwa (2005: 44).
According to Rosson Blatt (1977) advertising is the voice of business such that when
it is heard, business is said to have been spoken.
All over the world today, advertising seems to have been recognized as an important
tool, which facilitates the sale of products and strengthens consumer’s preferences.
Manufacturers who continuously work for the sale of their product tends to see advertising
as an indispensable tool. In Nigeria for instance, advertising has been employed vigorously
on non-price completion to promote the image of competing product brands.
This largely had to the establishment and growth of many industries of which Milo
was not left out. Fortune started to smile to these Milo companies at most Nigerians started
consuming Milo and this accounted for the existence of many more of such companies in the
country.
However, with the recent down ward changes in the economics fortune of the nation
and her people those Milo companies are being faced by declining patronage to scramble for
consumers whose finances and depressed and this in turn has led to stiff competition and
cutthroat advertisement as each manufacturer of different brands of Milo wants to out do the
other to gain control of a large sparer of the market in order to sustain itself in business. As a
result of the need to communicate to the consumers information about a particular products
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personality and features becomes imperative the manufactures in order to accomplish the
task of reaching the consumers uses advertising to inform them about the product, the
charges it has made and persuade them to buy the products.
However, manufacturers cannot win the consumers over successfully, or make them
prefer their brand of product if the brand dose not live up to the expectation of the products
advertisement Haller (1977) criticized the power of advertising “claims” in selling a product.
He observed that when the product feature seem very small or the claims exaggerated the
consumer may change his or her mind not to by that brand anymore he further remarked that
a product will only remain the darling of the consumers, if it matches up to the claims in the
advertisement and meet the consumers taste, needs and expectation.
Other critics of advertisement, uphold that adverts hamper consumer choice as large
advertiser uses their power to limit the options to a few will advertised brands. However,
consumer choice and preferences for brands may be informed by a combination of varied
factors including advertising.
This study seeks to examine primarily the impact of adverts and other factors such as
quality, price, proximity, availability group influence e.t.c has on consumer purchasing
behaviour thus the main question is can adverts influences the consumer and make him or
her switch from one brand to another.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
Critics claim that advertising manipulates us into buying things by playing on our
emotions and promising greater status social acceptance and sex appeal there is no doubt
about the fact that this new and other like it would advertising affect the consumers of Milo
beverage.
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Historically, companies and even professional advert people have questioned or
misunderstand the effectiveness of advertising series of market research studies however
offered dramatic evidence to the contrary the evidence includes better awareness familiarity
and over all impression of products.
Advertising as a major means of selling goods, product and services in Nigeria and all
over the world is faced with lots of challenges owing to the development of advertising in
Nigeria and challenges associated with rending services customers have so many complaints
ranging from awareness to feedback.
Therefore, this study is an attempt to examine critically the rate of influence of
advertisement on consumer of Milo beverage.
To determine the rate at which they are influenced by advertisement on Milo
beverage.
To determine the level of acceptance of advertisement aired by Abia state television
on Milo product.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The study had the following objectives
1. To determine how Milo product advertisement affects the consumers that make use of it
2. To know the extend Milo product advert affect the consumer’s
3. To find out the level of frequency of exposure of Abia state television commercial to
advertisement on Milo product.
Finally this study will proffer solution on most effective means of handling
advertisement to meet modern day challenges as well as handle some peculiar circumstances
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1.4 Research Questions
1. To what extent has Milo product advertisement affected the consumers that make use of
it?
2. To what extent has Milo product contributed towards the attitudes of the consumer?
3. What is the level of frequency of exposure of Abia state television commercial to
advertisement in Milo product.
1:5 Scope of Study
This study is focused on the influences of Advertisement on consumers Behaviour.
The period of this study spans from January to June 2014 it will look at the various ways
consumers in Isiama Afara community in Umuahia North Local Government of Abia state
have responded to advertisement.
This study is centered on Abia state television commercial researcher choose to focus the
investigation.
1:6 Significance of the Study
This work though not exhaustive is quiet necessary at a time the media a awash with
all forms of advertisement lure consumers.
It will educate consumer on the best ways to respond to advertisement while
advertisers will learn to understand the need to follow the ethics of the profession by avoiding
advertisement that are subversive.
Students of advertising will also find this work useful as it will expose them to
various forms of media advertisements.
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Above all, this study will serve as an addition to existing literature on the topic it is expected
that researches will find some of the recommendation of this work useful in conducting
further research.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
Influence: The feelings of the people of Isiama Afara community after been exposed to Milo
beverage advert on Abia state television
Advertisement: The level of awareness about Milo beverage by the people of Isiama Afara
community.
Consumers: The people that makes use of Milo product.
Behavior: The attitude of the people of Isiama Afara community towards the advertisement
on Milo beverage.
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