ABSTRACT
The study focuses on the role non-government agencies in poverty alleviation and community development, using stud Ufuma as the study. Non-governmental agencies in Nigeria have demonstrated appreciable interest towards the provision of amenities to both the rural and urban population of the country. The main purpose of this study is to highlight the role of the Ufuma prime movers in Orumba North Local Government while the specific aim of this research works are the following: To examine the structure of the development union. To identify the constraints encountered by the Ufuma prime movers in their community development effort. The scope of this study is the impact of non-governmental agencies in community development organization to the development of communities with particular reference to Ufuma. The design of the study was a survey and a description study. The population of this study was staff of the local government under study, which is Orumba North Local Government Area in Anambra State. As at the time of the study the population of the organization stood at 562 workers. The sample of the study adopted for this research work is a random sampling techniques, based on this 233 was chosen as the sample size. The data used for this research work were collected mainly from both primary and secondary source. In analyzing the finding above, it was observed that people of the community initiate programmes and project of the community and that the people of the community are involved in the development of their community through decision making. Also, the people of the community does not provide all the amenities used in their community rather they are been provided by the non-governmental agencies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Approval Page iv
Dedication v
Acknowledgements vi
Table of Contents vii
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
- Background to the Study 1
- Statement of the Problem 5
- Research Questions 6
- Purpose of the Study 7
- Hypothesis 8
- Significance of the Study 9
- Scope of the Study 10
- Limitations of the Study 10
- Definition of Terms 11
- Organization of the Study 12
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Literature review 14
2.2 Theoretical Framework 28
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design 30
3.2 Area of the Study 30
3.3 Population of the Study 30
3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques 31
3.5 Methods of Data Collection 33
3.6 Instruments for Data Collection 33
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument 34
3.8 Validity of the Instrument 34
3.9 Distribution and Retrieval of Instrument 34
3.10 Methods of Data Analysis 35
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Data Presentation 36
4.2 Analysis of Research Questions 40
4.3 Testing of Hypothesis 49
4.3 Interpretation of Results 60
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of findings 62
5.2 Conclusion 63
5.3 Recommendations 64
References 66
Appendix A 67
Appendix B 68
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background to the Study
Non-governmental agencies in Nigeria have demonstrated appreciable interest towards the provision of amenities to both the rural and urban population of the country. The interest shown by these non-governmental agencies could be derived from their genuine intension of uplifting the liking standard of the people. There is therefore no gain saying the fact that there have been some noticeable increases in educational institutions, health centers, road constructions, water supply and so on as they store to impress the people. Experience has shown that the provision and maintenance of amenities cannot be handled by government alone because it will be too onerous for government to satisfy the need of all communities, bearing in mind the limitation of time and resources. It is therefore, necessary for the agencies of government to educate the people to appreciate the fact that the transformation of their country for enhancement of their standard of living should be a joint responsibility between the community and the government or its agencies. This is why series of reforms and restricting have been undertaken.
At local government level, at in an attempt to make it more responsive to the yearnings and aspirations of the people it is also aimed to involving an efficient and functional administrative and resources allocation system that will make for rapid growth and modernization of rural communities (Non Oil). The role of Non-Governmental Agency (NGO’s) in community developed has attracted the attention of some great scholars. Aroh (1997), viewed community development as a process whereby community came together to perform various functions in order to given a face left to their immediate environment or community. Also Non Oil (1981) refers development as a natural fact in which the individuals and society interest with their physical, biological and inter human environment transforming them for their own benefit and that of humanity at large. NGO’s as an organization or loose associations which are composed of people working together to address a need. Basic element of NGO’s are: –
- Non-profit oriented
- A voluntary organization
- An NGO is primary on intermediate organization that is development oriented.
- Non-government in term of organization, membership and funding.
In all, non-governmental agencies role is poverty alleviation and community development is aimed at making people self reliant, able to participate in national development. It also ensure that both the rural and urban communities the provision of the necessary assistance, like funds legal and structural framework, technical and managerial expertise necessary for the programmers’, Aroh (2002).
The study was carried out in Ufuma, which is located at Orumba North Local Government Area of Anambra State in Nigeria. The local government area occupies an area of about 220 square kilo with an estimated population of 8,280 people (NPC 1991).
The local government comprises of different communities like Ajali which is the headquarter, oko, Ufuma, Omogho, Awa, Naka, Amaokpala, Ndiowu, Ndikelionwu and so on. The occupation of the people is farming, treading, civil servants, etc. The Ufuma prime movers was on the third development union formed in the area in 1984 but before the formation of the Ufuma prime movers there was other union formed in February 23nd 1982. The cooperative union formed in March 2nd 1983 before the formation of the Ufuma cooperative union in June 28th 1984. This union of the development of the community and also has helped in increasing the standard of living of the people and extending aims to the less privileges in the community. There was remarkable to which was done by these prime movers on March 8th 2000 disk and chairs for the Umonyiba primary and Nursery school in the area also in 2004 the prime movers donated wholesomely to the widows in Umuogem community. The Ufuma comprises of nine (9) villages and its history is something that one cannot forget in a haste, the people of Ufuma are people with integrity, honest and responsible as I was told the Ufuma people spread to different villages like Umuagu, Obiagu, Umuogem, Umonyiba, Umuonyiuka and so on.
- Statement of the Problem
Though the community dwellers in non-governmental agencies has continued to play a significant role in the community development by producing food and agricultural raw materials for exploit and local consumptions but yet so many community still lack the basic amenities of life such as good roads, postal services an communication e.g. MTN Network, NITEL, GLO etc Anyanwu (1981). The unbalance in provision of these basic amenities and infrastructural development between the rural and the urban areas have occasionally an unprecedented rural urban draft with a depressive effects on the rural urban economy which the facts has been established in a way whereby the non-governmental agencies is constrained in its effort to provide citizens with all the required social and basic amenities for comfortable living Anyanwu (1992). The truth is that non-governmental agencies have been established by various community members, who came to government with the activity of the non-governmental agencies have been documented adequately in literature and it is such view that the study was conceived to examine the role of the Ufuma prime movers in Ufuma Orumba North Local Government Area, Anambra State was regarded to the community development.
- Research Questions
In order to achieve the objectives of this research work these proper solution will be attempt to in the research:-
- In what extent are the people of the community initiate programmes and projects for the development of the community?
- What is the relationship between non-governmental agencies in community development in Orumba North Local Government?
- How are the amenities given to the people of the community being provided and maintain by the people of the community?
- Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to highlight the role of the Ufuma prime movers in Orumba North Local Government while the specific aim of this research works are the following:
- To examine the structure of the development union.
- To identify the constraints encountered by the Ufuma prime movers in their community development effort.
- After the completion, this research will be an incentive and motivation factors in the behavior of the people towards community development.
- To ascertain the personal characteristic of each members of the Ufuma prime mover in Orumba North Local Government.
1.5 Hypothesis
Hypothesis 1
Ho: There is no significant contribution twards community development in Ufuma by prime makers
Hi: There is a significant contribution toward community development in Ufuma by prime makers
Hypothesis 2
Ho: There is no basic amenities in Ufuma community attracted by prime makers
Hi: There are basic amenities in Ufuma commiunity.
Hypothesis 3
Ho: There is no motivation of people through incentives for community development in Ufuma
Hi: There is motivation of people through incentives for community development in Ufuma
- Significance of the Study
The essence of this work is to propagate the good role of non-governmental agencies towards community development and how they can contribute to the crusade against poverty after the completion of this products, so that the people of the community can see the need for self help project because non-governmental agencies have play a significant role in community development and their roles need to be understood very well by policy makers, the government and NGO, the potentials members that will gradually help in development.
- Scope of the Study
The scope of this study is the impact of non-governmental agencies in community development organization to the development of communities with particular reference to Ufuma prime movers in Orumba North Local Government Area of Anambra State. Findings here shall be used as a yardstick to other states in Nigeria.
- Limitations of the Study
In carry out this research work, I encountered so many obstacles, like the day I was travelling to Anambra State for questioning of the respondents, it rained heavily and the cost of traveling was very high as I thought. There were difficulties in getting the respondents, because most of them have gone to the farm, why some to the village market etc.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
In order to give easy comprehension of the entire research, it is required that some terms of importance used be defined, such terms are as follows: –
- GOVERNMENT:
Can be defined as an institution of a state whereby the interest, welfare and needs of the citizen are been protected.
- COMMUNITY:
This referred as a relatively small isolated center with a stable population in which all economic and social services necessary to life can be realized.
- DEVELOPMENT:
It involves improvement, progressing enhancement and change in economic, social socio-cultural, infrastructure, political of a state. Development is multidimensional change in native and attitudes of one’s life.
- AGENCY:
A business or an organization that provides a particular service especially on behalf of other business or organization.
- ROLE:
The function or position that something has or is expected to have in an organization in society or in a relationship.
1.10 Organization of the Study
The chapter of this research work presents the background of the study, statement of the problem under study, research question to enable the researcher to meet up with the problem under study, purpose of the study, significant of the study, scope of the study, limitation of the study, definition of some important terms.
The chapter two which presents the literature the view which is the review what have been written by other scholars, authors and other writer about the related topics, which helped the researcher to meet up with the problem under study.
The chapter three presents the methodology which is the research design area of the study, population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, method of data collection, reliability of instrument, validity of the instrument, distribution and retrieval of the instrument, method of data analysis..
Chapter four present the research question which was gotten using the method introduced in chapter three and it will be critically analyzed for easy understanding and to be able to come up with a successful conclusion about the problem under study.
The chapter five is the conclusion and recommendation
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