CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Of Study
Registering a child’s birth is a critical first step towards safeguarding lifelong protection, promoting children’s right to birth: registration falls clearly within UNICEF’S mandate. There has been some progress, albeit small in raising birth registration levels. Between 2000 and 2010, global birth registration levels rose only slightly, from 58% to 65%. Certain trends in the international environment provide opportunities for rethinking approaches to birth registration, (Suthar et al, 2020). Birth registration is the continuous, permanent and universal recording within the civil registry of the occurrence and characteristics of births in accordance with the legal requirements of a country. Birth registration is the official recording of a child’s birth by the state. It is a permanent and official record of a child’s existence. Birth registration is part of an effective civil registration system that acknowledges the person’s existence before the law establishes family ties and tracks the major events of an individual from live birth to marriage and death. Although birth registration is almost complete in all developed countries, the lack of progress on civil registration in many developing countries means that global inequalities in birth registration are now extreme. The births of approximately 230 million children under the age of 5 have not been registered. Of these, around 85 million are in sub Saharan Africa, 135 million in Asia (east and south Asia and the pacific) and the remainder in the rest of the world, (UNICEF,2019). But does this matter in their lives? Birth registration may signify the beginning of the legal contract between the individual and the state known as citizenship. Birth registration serves as important proof of the place of birth and parentage and while birth registration does not in itself confer citizenship upon the child, it is often essential for its acquisition based on each country’s laws .Birth registration may also be vital for confirmation of nationality following tumultuous events such as armed conflict and situations of state succession. The registration of births and acquisition of citizenship are distinct processes: however, birth registration serves as important proof citizenship at birth. More specifically it establishes a legal record of where the child was born and who his or her parents are thus whether the child can acquire citizenship on the basis of place of birth, children who are not registered are excluded from the benefits of citizenship in ways that vary between countries. A birth certificate may be required to obtain access to basic services such as health and education, and it can also help to protect children from situation of exploitation and violence, such as child marriage and child labor; and achieve conviction against those who have abused a child.
In adulthood, birth certificates may be needed for many purposes: to obtain social security or a job in the formal sector; to buy or prove the right to inherit property, to obtain identity cards; to vote and to obtain a passport. The lack of birth certificate can have a serious, cumulative, negative effect on people’s life opportunities. As well as providing the individual with legal proof of identity. Birth registration also plays a crucial role in the generation of Vital statistics. Birth registration is part of national civil registration systems also record marriages and deaths. Civil registration provides the demographic data that are needed by governments to track the size, differentials and trends of their population. When complete and accurate, civil registration facilitates democratic governance. It enables governments to develop policies and plan for basic service delivery and social and economic development that populations. Through these mechanisms, civil registration facilitates the access of both children and adults to protection under the law, to services and entitlement and to social and economic opportunities, and can improve their ability to exercise their civil rights.
1.2 Statement of The Problems
The factors that influences the course of development with organization and its accomplishment is good to be embraced so as to ensure that adequate majors are taken to monitor birth rate, the Federal medical Center Umuahia, till now cannot keep track of its registered new born babies accurately but gets its data nod information through National Population commission due to the fact that they don’t take birth rate monitoring as a particular sector to monitor, but also emphasis on other aspect concerning children such as their right Education, Lack of sophisticated machine for the purpose rather it uses the old system to monitor work, the negligence has made report to parents and the National population commission.
Although the National Populating commission is being represented at the hospital by one of its staff to be manually taking records of event so as to enable the National population commission have up-to data records of every newly born baby.
Thus, it is necessary for the health institution to introduce on information system that would be used for the recording of event regarding and complication related to pregnancy.
The following problems are also identified:
1. It is difficult to determine the birth rate different regions.
2. It is time consuming to manually record birth rate and death rate information
3. It is not easy to monitor the birth rate registration records that are manually obtained.
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study.
The aim of the study is to design and implement an online birth rate monitoring information record system with the following objectives:
1) Generation of valid and reliable quantitative data on child labor.
2) A system that will serve as a monitor and regulatory on online information system, to check the mistake associated with adulterated birth registration.
3) To develop an effective child labor interventions and provision of important for designing, implementing and monitoring effective policies and programs on child-labor
4) To Increase the scope of the computer application in our health institution.
5) To assist the national population commission in the provision of numbers of newly born babies into the nation.
6) To build a system that will keep track of newly born babies so as to avoid poverty.
7) To develop an online system that can easily be used to register births
8) To implement a system that can be used to obtain reports of birth rate
9) To build a system that will aid easy updating of birth registration record
1.4 Significance Of The Study
The study is significant in the following ways
1. It will enable management of the clinic to properly maintain record of birth and death registration.
2. It will facilitate the easy presentation of reports pertaining to birth and death monitoring.
3. The study will serve as a useful reference.
1.5 Scope Of The Study
The Scope of this project is to design an online information system that would help to solve all the problems encountered in the health institution while monitoring pregnant parents and development of effective child labor intentions and prisons of important tools of study birthrates.
1.6 Limitations Of The Study
In carrying out the research work, some challenges were faced that limited the study such as:
Time: the time given for the completion of the research work was too short hence, the researcher had speed up the research work to meet up and this has impact on the study.
Limited Materials: few materials were found pertaining to the research area and this limited the bulk of the literature review.
Finance: the high cost of textbooks, internet browsing and transportation to different libraries to gather materials stood as a constraint to the research work.
1.7 Definition Of Terms
Data: A collection of unorganized facts.
Debugging: The process of eliminating error in software or in the system.
Diskette: A small plastic disk coated with a magnetizer able substance and encased in plastic jacket often referred to as floppy disk.
End -user: Any person who uses information technology to perform his or her sub.
Field: A basic unit of data usually put off the record located on input/output storage medium.
File: A collection of related records
Hardware: Physical equipment or trice in a computer sy stem
Information: Meaningful data or processed data.
Input: To access data from an external device and place them into a Computer memory
Management: processes by which attain basic function in organization is performed
Menu: display presented by a section of a program that permits the user to control the order of execution of other modules in the program.
Module: In programming a solution component representing a processing function will be carried out by a computer.
On-lines: computer support equipment is currently set up so that it can transmit data to communicate mediation.
Surgeon: This is a person that is qualified to be called but specializes on operation of the womb etc.
Assistance: He helps the surgeon in the theater
Book of like: this is a very big book that contains information about birth.
DISCLAIMER: All project works, files and documents posted on this website, eProjectTopics.com are the property/copyright of their respective owners. They are for research reference/guidance purposes only and some of the works may be crowd-sourced. Please don’t submit someone’s work as your own to avoid plagiarism and its consequences. Use it as a reference/citation/guidance purpose only and not copy the work word for word (verbatim). The paper should be used as a guide or framework for your own paper. The contents of this paper should be able to help you in generating new ideas and thoughts for your own study. eProjectTopics.com is a repository of research works where works are uploaded for research guidance. Our aim of providing this work is to help you eradicate the stress of going from one school library to another in search of research materials. This is a legal service because all tertiary institutions permit their students to read previous works, projects, books, articles, journals or papers while developing their own works. This is where the need for literature review comes in. “What a good artist understands is that nothing comes from nowhere. The paid subscription on eProjectTopics.com is a means by which the website is maintained to support Open Education. If you see your work posted here by any means, and you want it to be removed/credited, please contact us with the web address link to the work. We will reply to and honour every request. Please notice it may take up to 24 – 48 hours to process your request.
