CONSTRUCTION OF LIGHT FLASHING PARKING TRIANGLE

ABSTRACT

Light flashing parking triangle is a regulatory signs that control moving traffic, which is called YIELD or GIVE-WAY SIGN. This sign (yield or give way) goes hand in hand with “STOP SIGN”. The yield sign is a downward pointing equilateral triangle, which is red in colour. The light flashing parking Triangle is of four stages. The first stage represents the 9 volts power supply from the non-rechargeable battery there comes the power supply. In the second stage comes the astable multivibrator of the IC₁. The third stage was the transistor current amplifier. TIP41 was used to achieve a maximum current amplification for the LED array. The last stage been the D1 to D14 LED array that was used to form the LED triangular shape. Switching on the SW1 makes the IC1, to start oscillating at a frequency of approximately 2 Hertz. The oscillation makes the LEDS to flash ON and OFF creating attraction. The LEDs were arranged along the tinted Perspex plastic one after another to form a triangle shape. The flashing of the LED array gives the shape of the triangle. Bright illumination of the D1 to D14 forms the triangular shape illumination, the yield sign assigns right –of-way to traffic on certain approaches to an intersection.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Parking triangle is a regulatory sign that control moving traffic, which is called YIELD or GIVE WAY SIGN. Some country like Canada, Ireland South Africa, South Korea and the United states along with many countries in the world called the parking triangle “YIELD SIGN” while another country like United Kingdom and other common wealth and English speaking countries calls it “GIVE WAY SIGN”. This sign (yield or give way) goes hand in hand with “STOP SIGN”.

The YIELD SIGN assigns right – of – way to traffic on certain approaches to an intersection. The yield sign shall be a downward pointing, light flashing, equilateral triangle having a red border flashing (red in colour) equilateral triangle. The sign standard size shall be 36 x 36 x 36 inches. When the yield sign flashes light, you must give the right of way, to any other traffic in or closely approaching, the intersection. This sign means that you must reduce speed or stop if necessary as your vehicle approaches the intersection.

At a YIELD SIGN, you aren’t required to stop, but must give way to other traffic. Not all junctions have signs. Some country like Nigeria does not make use of the sign in roundabout or intersection (traffic circles or rotaries), rather they make use of road safety or peace officers, to control the flow of traffic at an intersection.

THE YIELD SIGN being inverted triangle usually red in colour. The red centre line mark the separation of traffic lines moving in opposite directions and while broken line in the road (separate line) moving in the same direction.

At roundabouts (traffic rotaries) or intersection vehicles on the roundabout coming from the left have priority and not those entering it, who are faced with a “YIELD SIGN OR GIVE WAY SIGN. When two vehicles stop at the same time, a driver is supposed to give way to the vehicle on his right. When you approach at the same time as a car coming from the opposite direction, the vehicle that’s turning should yield to the one going straight on through the intersection. Roundabouts are a much better idea to use the GIVE-WAY OR YIELD SIGN.

The flashing lights help to indicate that you have as to give way to any other traffic in or closely approaching. Flashing lights are prohibited on vehicle except as otherwise permitted. Flashing lights are permitted on vehicles as follows;

1. To indicate an intention to turn or move to the right or left upon a roadway turn signal lamps and turn signal exterior pilot indicator lamps and side lamps permitted under section 25106 may be flashed on the side of a vehicle toward which the turn or movement is to be made.
2. When disabled or parked off the roadway but within 10 feet of the roadway, or when approaching, stopped at, or departing from, a railroad grade crossing, turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously.
3. To warn other motorist of accidents or hazards on a roadway, turn signal lamps may be flashed as warning lights while the vehicle is approaching, overtaking, or passing the accident or hazard on the roadway if the front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously.
4. To warn other motorist of a funeral procession turn signal lamps may be flashed as warning lights on all vehicles actually engaged in a funeral procession, if the front turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously and the rear turn signal lamps at each side are being flashed simultaneously.

In conclusion, light flashing, parking triangle means, whenever the yield sign flashes light usually red in colour, you must slow down and if necessary stop, in order to prevent a crash from happening. You must always give way to sign or yield sign and check its safe to continue. Give way signs are placed at intersections and other places where other vehicle have priority.

1.2   STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

For this study, and the construction to be of successful materials, it was searched from here and there which presents a problem most times. Some of those problems includes.

1. Unable to purchase light emitting dode that is flashes red colour in some electronic shop.
2. The problems of downloading appropriate material and finding a working circuit that can give the required function, hence it lack the basic understanding for designing a circuit.

iii.    The problem of power failure which makes me not to solder some component in the vero board till when light comes.

1.3   OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to identify;

1. The major flow of traffic at an intersection (which is the primary aim of the study) even at night
2. The approaches of more than one of the intersecting streets or roads or highways
3. Any intersection where there are “Stop” signs on one or more approaches, except under special circumstances.
4. The through roadway of expressways or major roads.
5. An entering roadway without an adequate acceleration lane.
6. A separate or channelized right-tune-lane, without an adequate acceleration lane.

1.4   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be of importance to both intersecting streets or intersecting highways. It will help us on a minor road at the entrance to an intersection where it is necessary to assign right-of-way to the major road. This study will also help us on the entrance ramp  to an expressway where an acceleration lane is not provided. It will also help within an intersection with a divided highway, where a stop sign is present at the entrance to the first roadway and further control is necessary at the entrance to the second road way and where the median width between the two roadways exceeds 30 feet. It even so important where there is a separate or channelized right – turn lane, without an adequate acceleration lane.

Finally, at the cost of this study, it will help us at any roundabout or intersection where a special problem exists and where an engineering study or technician indicates the problem to be susceptible to correction. It will also help the night travelers to make use of the yield significance (when flashing light).

1.5   SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This project is based on the scientific understanding which is the acquired knowledge from the ancient scientists who aimed at researching and discovery. For instance it is the act of research that made us to know the existence of atom and likewise many other charges and particles which can conduct charges when current flow through it. It is also through research that many elements were discovered which aids some useful components and this review the theoretical and technical framework on which the project is based.

This study is the one that would actually require a good length of time, but due to the present economic situation and condition of the nation for now, I am only choosing to study it here.

This research intends to evaluate the attitude of this travelers or transporters. It is through the travelers or transporters that the impact of the YIELD SIGN OR GIVE WAY SIGN can be determined used and evaluated.

1.6   RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. At what point should YIELD OR GIVE WAY sign be erected?
2. To what extend should median width between the two roadways exceeds?
3. How many feet should the sign be erected in advance of the crosswalk line nearest to approaching traffic?
4. What is the safe approach speed on the minor road?
5. At what type of angle should two roads intersect?

1.7   DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Regulatory signs: Is to govern or direct according to the rule of indicate the laws and regulations affecting the use of highway.
2. Traffic: The movement (as of vehicles or pedestrians) through an area or along a route.
3. Traffic light: Is a visual signal (as a system of coloured lights) for controlling traffic.
4. Assign: To appoint to a post or duty.
5. Intersection: A place or area where two or more things (as streets) intersect.
6. Roundabout: A circuitous route (road) that is a raised circular area where three or more roads join together and which cars must drive around.
7. Roadway: The part of the road used by vehicles
8. Railways: A system of tracks along which trains run or a system of trains.
9. Motorists: Are someone who drives a car
10. Acceleration: The rate at which a car or other vehicle can go faster.
11. Technician: Someone whose job is to check equipment or machines and make sure that they are working properly.
12. Expressway: A wide road in a city on which cars can travel very quickly without stopping.
13. Highway: A wide main road that joins one town to another.
14. Priority: The thing that you think is most important and that needs attention before anything else.
15. Median: A narrow area of land that separates the two side of a big road in order to keep traffic travelling in different directions apart.
16. Travelers: Someone who is on a journey or someone who travels often.
17. Scientist: Someone who works or is trained in science.
18. Theoretical: Relating to the study of ideas especially scientific ideas rather than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience.
19. Pedestrian: Someone who is walking, especially along a street or other place used by cars.
20. Signal: An object use to transmit or convey information beyond the range of human voice.

21.   Channels: A path along which information in the form of an electrical signal passes.

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