CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Information system occupies a vital and unique position in any organization by virtue of the data and information, which it contains. Security of information is of great importance to any given organization this makes the information reliable since information stored can be referenced whenever necessary access by unauthorized persons.
This project analysis the activities and importance of securing information in any organizations and to see that the information is accurately maintained to help the management in decision making and control of the diverse activities of the organization.
The Nigeria Police Force is responsible for security of live and property and as a result keeps record of vital information given to them by any informant so as to enable them arrest activities or scenes unpleasant to people residing in a particular district.
Therefore, for effective administration and management, the provision of computer based information security for every source station is certainly inevitable, since it will take care of all the problems and inadequacies of the manual system
1.1 Background of the Study
National security is the requirement to maintain the survival of the state through the use of economic, security operatives especially police, political power and the exercise of diplomacy. The concept developed mostly in the United States of America after World War II focusing on the police and military might. Now, it encompasses a broad range of facets, all of which impinge on the police and military for economic security of the nation, lives property and values protected by national society. Accordingly, in order to possess national security, a nation needs to possess economic security, energy security, environmental security, etc. Security threats involve not only conventional foes such as other national states but also nonstate actors such as violent non-state actors, narcotic cartels, multinational corporations and non-governmental organizations; some authorities include natural disasters and events causing severe environmental change in this category.
The origin of the modern concept of “national security” as a philosophy of maintaining a stable nation state can be traced to the peace of Westphalia, wherein the concept of a sovereign state, ruled by a sovereign, became the basis of a new international order of nation states.
As an academic concept, national security can be seen as a recent phenomenon which was first introduced in the United States after World War II, and has to some degree replaced other concepts that describe the struggle of states to overcome various external and internal threats. The struggle of states to overcome various external and internal threats. The earliest mention of the term national security, however, was made in Yale University in 1790 wherein was made to its relation with domestic industries.
The concept of the national security became an official guiding principle of foreign policy in the United States when the National security Act of 1947 was signed on July 26, 1947 by the U.S. President Harry S. Truman. Together with its 1949 amendment, this act create American national security d important facets for American national security as the precursor to the department of defense, subordinated the security operatives branches to the new cabinet level position of the secretary of defense, established the National Security council and the Central Intelligence Agency. The Act did not define national security which was conceivably advantageous as it’s ambiguity made it a powerful phrase to invoke whenever issues threatened by other interests of the state, such as domestic concerns, came up for discussion and decision making.
The realization that national security encompasses more than just security was present though understated, from the beginning itself.
The US National Security Act of 1947 was set up “to advise the president on the integration of domestic security and foreign policies related to national security”.
Gen Maxwell Taylor’s essay of 1947 titled “The Legitimate claims of
National Security” has this to say;
The national valuables in this broad sense include current assets and national interests, as well as the sources of strength upon which our future as a nation depends. Some valuables are tangible and earthly; others are spiritual or intellectual. They range widely from political assets such as the Bill of Rights, National Security and political institutions and international relations to many economic assets which radiate worldwide from a highly productive domestic economy supported by rich natural resources. It is the urgent need to protect valuables such as these which legitimizes and makes essential the role of national security.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Security information system has always played a vital role in the stability of a nation. Keeping security information manually can hinder some defense program and delay passage of security information to the appropriate body. Manual documentation of security information can lead to exposure of the information thereby creating threat to the nation at large. Hence, there is need for an automated security information system to guaranty safety of information.
1.3 Aims and Objectives of the study
The general aim of the study is to develop a database for security information storage and retrieval.
Specifically, the following objectives are also considered:
- To build a database system for police security information.
- To develop a software for managing security information.
- To determine the effectiveness of Nigerian police in managing signal
1.4 Significance of the Study
The benefit of this research work is to put an end to the above stated problems. Also the revenue computation units assigned with the responsibility of computing the revenue for the corporation, will benefit immensely from the features the platform will offer, which includes;
- The new system will enable Police officers to see all the record of the report generated in the force.
- Easy detection and correction of errors in the database.
- Reduce pressure of work on officers
- Make data retrieval less labour intensive. Hence, the need for security information system cannot be over emphasized.
1.5 Scope of Study
The research work is designed to enable nigerian police to use electronic device to store information. The design will cover some security issues like identify the information security threat and vulnerabilities which every force face, and print out report of each officer.
1.6 Limitation of Study
At different stages of this research, some hiccups were encountered that speed-humped the project. Among them are;
Inadequate fund to finance the project, Time Constraint and the limited knowledge of Java programming was great challenge to this project. However, more research was made to complete this project successfully.
1.7 Definition Of Terms/Variables
Policing: Policing is another way of depicting the police.
Anti-policing: Anti-policing is the society’s social attitude opposed to war between states and in particular countering arguments based on policism.
Databases: A systematically arranged collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or manipulated. It is also called a databank.
National Security: The requirement to maintain the survival of the nation-state through the use of economic, policing, and political power and the exercise of diplomacy.
Information Security: means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording, or destruction.
Classified Information is sensitive information to which the access is restricted by law or regulation to particular groups of persons.
Security Management is a broad field of management related to asset management, physical security and human resource safety functions.
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