TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page………………………………………………………………..…i
Certification.…………………………………………………………….…ii
Dedication……………………………………………………………….iii
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………..…..iv
Table of contents………………………………………….……………..v
Abstract……………………………………………………..………….vii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction…………………………………………….……………1
1.1 Aims and Objectives.. ……………………………………………2
1.2 Scope of Study ……………………………………………….…….3
1.3 Limitation…………………………………………………………3
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review…………………………………………..……..5
2.1 preparation of timber………………………………………..…….5
2.2 Materials used for construction ……………………………….……5
2.3 Classification of Woods…………………………………………..5
2.4 Classification of Some Timber………………..…………………….7
2.4.1 Structure of Timber ……………………………………………….8
2.4.2 Types of Timber …………………………………………….…….9
2.4.3 Defects in Timber before Construction ……………………………10
2.5 Seasoning of Timber ………………………………….…………..11
2.5.1 Air seasoning………………………………………………..……12
2.5.2 Kiln seasoning…………………………………………………13
2.6 Merit and Demerit of Timber……………………….……….…13
2.7 Preparation of Timber………………………………………….14
2.8 Conversion of Timber …………………………………………….14
2.8.1 Method of Conversion ……………………………………………14.
2.8.2 Treatment of Timber …………………………………………..16
2.8.3 Preservation of Timber…………………………………………18
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Methodology…………………………………………………….21
3.1 Choice of Timber………………………………………………….22
3.2 Description of materials used for the design of the project ……..23
3.3 Glue………………………………………………………………..23
3.4 Terms Associated with Glue ……………………….……………..24
3.5 Machine, tools and their application……………………………..25
3.6 Diagrams of Tools used for the project …………………………..29
3.7 Construction Techniques……………………………………….31
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Joint s ………………………………………………………………32
4.1 preparation of Joint ………………………………………….….33
4.2 Assembly of Joints………………………………………….…….33
- 3 Preparation of the surface of the project …………………………34
4.4 Finishing………………………………………………………34
4.5 Application of finishing …………………………………………35
4.6 Preparation of Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation (BEME) f or the project………………………………………………35
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation ……………………………….37
5.1 Conclusion……………………………………………….………..37
5.2 Recommendation…………………………………………………..37
References ………………………………………………….……..39
ABSTRACT
This project work construction of classroom Chairs and Benches has been carefully written to cover the whole procedures involve in the construction, ranging from conversion of timber to the application of finishes to the completed work. Chapter one deals with the introduction to the project, aim and objectives and scope of study. Chapter two contains the preparation of timber, conversion of timber, seasoning of timber, and preservation of timber. Chapter three is written to contain the method of construction, machines and tools,general safety precautions for machine tools, design of the project, construction techniques and selection of materials, joint used in the construction, cutting list, construction of the project and assemblage. The finishes applied to the wood work is contained in chapter four while chapter five contains recommendation and conclusion
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
A standard classroom chair and bench can be designed either from woods, plastic and steel.
A standard classroom chair and bench can be defined as a wood designed for sitting, writing as well as storing in the basement. For the purpose of this study attention is centered on the construction of a standard classroom chair and bench designed with wooden material and the way and manner they are produced will be dealt with in details on the later chapters.
Wooden standard classroom chair and bench has the advantage of being lighter and cheaper than those made of steel and plastic materials. On the other hand, steel made standard classroom chair and bench is obviously more durable and has greatly reduce risk of fire attacks.
A good knowledge of design principle, constructional techniques and working materials is needed in the production of a wooden classroom chair and bench. As we know, a good furniture work promotes beautification of aclassroom. Therefore an in-depth study and critical appraised of the various approaches employed are necessary to ensure the best construction work.
1.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The primary aim of this study is to learn how to construct a standard classroom chair and bench using timber with durable and high quality materials. The chair and bench will be arranged in the classroom to function as sitting, reading and writing table which gives the students comfort in the classroom. A quality standard classroom chair and bench will help in the beautification of the classroom. While the objective of the project are outline as follows:
- To aid learners understand growing trends of modern industrial arts programme.
- To enable learners develop project and design to their own choice.
- To assist learners to meet the many maintenance problems and repair problems that is likely to arise.
- To enable learner know the various types of wood working tools and equipment and also their area of application.
- To enable learners to know how to apply wood finishes and also how to preserve wood using different chemicals.
- To enable learners have the knowledge of how wood is seasoned before it is used for any wooden projects.
1.2 SCOPE OF STUDY
Wood work is an integral part of civil engineering work occupation. It involves the design and construction as well as ornamenting of structure. It become necessary for promoting civil engineering students to have a broad scope of wood work technique in the construction industry.
Although wood work occupation is classified into several trades such as carpentry, cabinet making, pattern making, wood work and concrete work hence, the project tries to focus it attention on the use of wood for interior uses in building.
1.3 LIMITATION
The limitation in the design and construction of this project is the procedure and cautions adopted during the design and construction of a standard classroom chair and bench as viewed in different ways are as follows:
- The procedure employed in the construction of standard classroom chair and bench is limited to wood work only, where the wood to be used for the construction of the project must be well seasoned in other to avoid diverstation.
- During the construction of this project using wood insects are prompt to attack wood so in order to prevent the insects from causing damage to the woodwork some chemical are applied such as creosote etc.
- After construction of this project the surface must undergo proper wood finishes in order to enhance good surface appearance.
- The construction of the project is limited, the classroom use only.
- It should be able to satisfy the aim that it was constructed for.
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